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Intellectual property is a broad concept that covers severaltypes of legally recognized rights arising from sometype of intellectual creativity, or that are otherwise relatedto ideas. IP rights are rights to intangible things—to ideas,as expressed (copyrights), or as embodied in a practicalimplementation (patents). Tom Palmer puts it this way:“Intellectual property rights are rights in ideal objects,which are distinguished from the material substrata inwhich they are instantiated.” In today’s legal systems, IPtypically includes at least copyrights, trademarks, patents,and trade secrets.